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Subtypes of multiple myeloma
Ig isotype distribution in patients with MM1,2
| Protein | Estimated incidence |
|---|---|
|
IgG |
52% |
|
IgA |
21% |
|
Light chain only |
16% |
|
Rare subtypes |
|
|
IgM |
0-5% |
|
IgD |
2% |
|
Non-secretory |
2% |
|
IgE |
<1% |
- Types of MM are based on the immunoglobulin (protein) produced by the myeloma cell3
- Each immunoglobulin consists of two heavy chain proteins and two light chain proteins3
- Heavy chain proteins include G, A, D, E, and M
- Light chain proteins include kappa (κ) and lambda (λ)
- In MM, monoclonal protein (M-protein, paraprotein) is immunoglobulin made up of only one type of heavy chain protein and one type of light chain protein3
Immunoglobulin molecule structure3
Ig, immunoglobulin; MM, multiple myeloma.
1. Nair B, et al. Br J Haematol. 2009;145(1):134-7. 2. Pandey S, Kyle RA. Oncology. 2013;27(8):798-803. 3. Types of myeloma. International Myeloma Foundation. Studio City, CA. Accessed February 20, 2026. https://www.myeloma.org/types-of-myeloma.
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